## 题目地址 https://leetcode.com/problems/majority-element/description/ ## 题目描述 ``` Given an array of size n, find the majority element. The majority element is the element that appears more than ⌊ n/2 ⌋ times. You may assume that the array is non-empty and the majority element always exist in the array. Example 1: Input: [3,2,3] Output: 3 Example 2: Input: [2,2,1,1,1,2,2] Output: 2 ``` ## 思路 符合直觉的做法是利用额外的空间去记录每个元素出现的次数,并用一个单独的变量记录当前出现次数最多的元素。 但是这种做法空间复杂度较高,有没有可能进行优化呢? 答案就是用"投票算法"。 投票算法的原理是通过不断消除不同元素直到没有不同元素,剩下的元素就是我们要找的元素。 ![](https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/0082zybply1gbv38hcpf2j30mz0cjjt4.jpg) ## 关键点解析 - 投票算法 ## 代码 * 语言支持:JS,Python Javascript Code: ```js var majorityElement = function(nums) { let count = 1; let majority = nums[0]; for(let i = 1; i < nums.length; i++) { if (count === 0) { majority = nums[i]; } if (nums[i] === majority) { count ++; } else { count --; } } return majority; }; ``` Python Code: ```python class Solution: def majorityElement(self, nums: List[int]) -> int: count, majority = 1, nums[0] for num in nums[1:]: if count == 0: majority = num if num == majority: count += 1 else: count -= 1 return majority ``` **复杂度分析** - 时间复杂度:$O(N)$,其中N为数组长度 - 空间复杂度:$O(1)$ 欢迎关注我的公众号《脑洞前端》获取更多更新鲜的LeetCode题解 ![](https://pic.leetcode-cn.com/89ef69abbf02a2957838499a96ce3fbb26830aae52e3ab90392e328c2670cddc-file_1581478989502)