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&#160;<span id="projectnumber">1.0.0</span>
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<div id="projectbrief">Set of algorithms implemented in C.</div>
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<p><a href="https://projecteuler.net/problem=8">Problem 8</a> solution
<a href="#details">More...</a></p>
<div class="textblock"><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;</code><br />
<code>#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;</code><br />
<code>#include &lt;string.h&gt;</code><br />
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Include dependency graph for sol2.c:</div>
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Functions</h2></td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a0ddf1224851353fc92bfbff6f499fa97"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">int&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d2/d93/problem__8_2sol2_8c.html#a0ddf1224851353fc92bfbff6f499fa97">main</a> (int argc, char *argv[])</td></tr>
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<a name="details" id="details"></a><h2 class="groupheader">Detailed Description</h2>
<div class="textblock"><p><a href="https://projecteuler.net/problem=8">Problem 8</a> solution </p>
<dl class="section author"><dt>Author</dt><dd><a href="https://github.com/kvedala">Krishna Vedala</a> </dd></dl>
</div><h2 class="groupheader">Function Documentation</h2>
<a id="a0ddf1224851353fc92bfbff6f499fa97"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a0ddf1224851353fc92bfbff6f499fa97">&#9670;&nbsp;</a></span>main()</h2>
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<td class="memname">int main </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">int&#160;</td>
<td class="paramname"><em>argc</em>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">char *&#160;</td>
<td class="paramname"><em>argv</em>[]&#160;</td>
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<p>Main function </p>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><a name="l00012"></a><span class="lineno"> 12</span>&#160;{</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00013"></a><span class="lineno"> 13</span>&#160; <span class="keywordtype">int</span> position = 0, num_bad_chars = 0;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00014"></a><span class="lineno"> 14</span>&#160; <span class="keywordtype">int</span> num_digits = 4;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00015"></a><span class="lineno"> 15</span>&#160; <span class="keywordtype">char</span> ch;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00016"></a><span class="lineno"> 16</span>&#160; <span class="keywordtype">unsigned</span> <span class="keywordtype">char</span> num, num_prev;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00017"></a><span class="lineno"> 17</span>&#160; <span class="keywordtype">unsigned</span> <span class="keywordtype">char</span> *buffer = NULL;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00018"></a><span class="lineno"> 18</span>&#160; <span class="keywordtype">long</span> <span class="keywordtype">long</span> <span class="keywordtype">int</span> prod = 1, max_prod = 0;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00019"></a><span class="lineno"> 19</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00020"></a><span class="lineno"> 20</span>&#160; <span class="comment">/* if second command-line argument is given,</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00021"></a><span class="lineno"> 21</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> * use it as the number of digits to compute</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00022"></a><span class="lineno"> 22</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> * successive product for</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00023"></a><span class="lineno"> 23</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00024"></a><span class="lineno"> 24</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (argc == 2)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00025"></a><span class="lineno"> 25</span>&#160; num_digits = atoi(argv[1]);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00026"></a><span class="lineno"> 26</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00027"></a><span class="lineno"> 27</span>&#160; <span class="comment">/* allocate memory to store past values */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00028"></a><span class="lineno"> 28</span>&#160; buffer = calloc(num_digits, <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(<span class="keywordtype">unsigned</span> <span class="keywordtype">char</span>));</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00029"></a><span class="lineno"> 29</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (!buffer)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00030"></a><span class="lineno"> 30</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00031"></a><span class="lineno"> 31</span>&#160; perror(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;Unable to allocate memory for buffer&quot;</span>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00032"></a><span class="lineno"> 32</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">return</span> -1;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00033"></a><span class="lineno"> 33</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00034"></a><span class="lineno"> 34</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00035"></a><span class="lineno"> 35</span>&#160; <span class="comment">/* open file to read digits from */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00036"></a><span class="lineno"> 36</span>&#160; FILE *fp = fopen(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;digits.txt&quot;</span>, <span class="stringliteral">&quot;rt&quot;</span>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00037"></a><span class="lineno"> 37</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (!fp)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00038"></a><span class="lineno"> 38</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00039"></a><span class="lineno"> 39</span>&#160; perror(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;Unable to open file&quot;</span>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00040"></a><span class="lineno"> 40</span>&#160; free(buffer); <span class="comment">/* free allocated memory */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00041"></a><span class="lineno"> 41</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">return</span> -1;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00042"></a><span class="lineno"> 42</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00043"></a><span class="lineno"> 43</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00044"></a><span class="lineno"> 44</span>&#160; <span class="comment">/* loop through all digits in the file */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00045"></a><span class="lineno"> 45</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">do</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00046"></a><span class="lineno"> 46</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00047"></a><span class="lineno"> 47</span>&#160; <span class="comment">/* get character from file */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00048"></a><span class="lineno"> 48</span>&#160; ch = getc(fp);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00049"></a><span class="lineno"> 49</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00050"></a><span class="lineno"> 50</span>&#160; <span class="comment">/* the ASCII codes of digits is between 0x30 and 0x39.</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00051"></a><span class="lineno"> 51</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> * any character not in this range implies an invalid character</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00052"></a><span class="lineno"> 52</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00053"></a><span class="lineno"> 53</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (ch &lt; 0x30 || ch &gt; 0x39)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00054"></a><span class="lineno"> 54</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00055"></a><span class="lineno"> 55</span>&#160; num_bad_chars++; <span class="comment">/* this is used to get the bad characters in the</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00056"></a><span class="lineno"> 56</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> sequence of 13 characters */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00057"></a><span class="lineno"> 57</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">continue</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00058"></a><span class="lineno"> 58</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00059"></a><span class="lineno"> 59</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">else</span> <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (num_bad_chars &gt; 0)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00060"></a><span class="lineno"> 60</span>&#160; num_bad_chars--;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00061"></a><span class="lineno"> 61</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00062"></a><span class="lineno"> 62</span>&#160; num = ch - 0x30; <span class="comment">/* convert character digit to number */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00063"></a><span class="lineno"> 63</span>&#160; num_prev = buffer[0]; <span class="comment">/* previous n^th digit */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00064"></a><span class="lineno"> 64</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00065"></a><span class="lineno"> 65</span>&#160; <span class="comment">/* left shift the buffer -</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00066"></a><span class="lineno"> 66</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> * using a for loop or a faster memory move</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00067"></a><span class="lineno"> 67</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00068"></a><span class="lineno"> 68</span>&#160; memmove(buffer, buffer + 1, num_digits - 1);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00069"></a><span class="lineno"> 69</span>&#160; <span class="comment">/*</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00070"></a><span class="lineno"> 70</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> for (int i = 1; i &lt; num_digits; i++)</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00071"></a><span class="lineno"> 71</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> buffer[i-1] = buffer[i];</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00072"></a><span class="lineno"> 72</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00073"></a><span class="lineno"> 73</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00074"></a><span class="lineno"> 74</span>&#160; buffer[num_digits - 1] = num; <span class="comment">/* save the latest number in buffer */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00075"></a><span class="lineno"> 75</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00076"></a><span class="lineno"> 76</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (num_prev != 0)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00077"></a><span class="lineno"> 77</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00078"></a><span class="lineno"> 78</span>&#160; <span class="comment">/* since product is accumulated, the new product can be obtained by</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00079"></a><span class="lineno"> 79</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> * simply multiplying the new digit and dividing with the oldest</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00080"></a><span class="lineno"> 80</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> * digit</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00081"></a><span class="lineno"> 81</span>&#160;<span class="comment"> */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00082"></a><span class="lineno"> 82</span>&#160; prod /= num_prev; <span class="comment">/* divide first to avoid over-flows */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00083"></a><span class="lineno"> 83</span>&#160; prod *= num;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00084"></a><span class="lineno"> 84</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00085"></a><span class="lineno"> 85</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">else</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00086"></a><span class="lineno"> 86</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00087"></a><span class="lineno"> 87</span>&#160; prod = 1;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00088"></a><span class="lineno"> 88</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (<span class="keywordtype">int</span> i = 0; i &lt; num_digits; i++)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00089"></a><span class="lineno"> 89</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00090"></a><span class="lineno"> 90</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (buffer[i] == 0)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00091"></a><span class="lineno"> 91</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00092"></a><span class="lineno"> 92</span>&#160; prod = 0;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00093"></a><span class="lineno"> 93</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">break</span>; <span class="comment">/* break innermost for-loop */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00094"></a><span class="lineno"> 94</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00095"></a><span class="lineno"> 95</span>&#160; prod *= buffer[i];</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00096"></a><span class="lineno"> 96</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00097"></a><span class="lineno"> 97</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00098"></a><span class="lineno"> 98</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00099"></a><span class="lineno"> 99</span>&#160; <span class="comment">/* check if a new maxima was found */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00100"></a><span class="lineno"> 100</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (prod &gt; max_prod)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00101"></a><span class="lineno"> 101</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00102"></a><span class="lineno"> 102</span>&#160; max_prod = prod;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00103"></a><span class="lineno"> 103</span>&#160; position = ftell(fp) - num_bad_chars - num_digits - 1;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00104"></a><span class="lineno"> 104</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00105"></a><span class="lineno"> 105</span>&#160; } <span class="keywordflow">while</span> (!feof(fp)); <span class="comment">/* loop till end of file is reached */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00106"></a><span class="lineno"> 106</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00107"></a><span class="lineno"> 107</span>&#160; printf(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;Maximum product: %lld\t Location: %d^th position\n\t&quot;</span>, max_prod,</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00108"></a><span class="lineno"> 108</span>&#160; position);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00109"></a><span class="lineno"> 109</span>&#160; fseek(fp, position,</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00110"></a><span class="lineno"> 110</span>&#160; SEEK_SET); <span class="comment">/* move cursor to identified position in file */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00111"></a><span class="lineno"> 111</span>&#160; <span class="comment">/* loop through all digits */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00112"></a><span class="lineno"> 112</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (; num_digits &gt; 0; num_digits--)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00113"></a><span class="lineno"> 113</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00114"></a><span class="lineno"> 114</span>&#160; <span class="keywordtype">char</span> ch = getc(fp); <span class="comment">/* get character */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00115"></a><span class="lineno"> 115</span>&#160; <span class="comment">/* skip invalid character */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00116"></a><span class="lineno"> 116</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (ch &lt; 0x30 || ch &gt; 0x39)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00117"></a><span class="lineno"> 117</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">continue</span>;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00118"></a><span class="lineno"> 118</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (num_digits &gt; 1)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00119"></a><span class="lineno"> 119</span>&#160; printf(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;%c x &quot;</span>, ch);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00120"></a><span class="lineno"> 120</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">else</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00121"></a><span class="lineno"> 121</span>&#160; printf(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;%c = %lld\n&quot;</span>, ch, max_prod);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00122"></a><span class="lineno"> 122</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00123"></a><span class="lineno"> 123</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00124"></a><span class="lineno"> 124</span>&#160; fclose(fp); <span class="comment">/* close file */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00125"></a><span class="lineno"> 125</span>&#160; free(buffer); <span class="comment">/* free allocated memory */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00126"></a><span class="lineno"> 126</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00127"></a><span class="lineno"> 127</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">return</span> 0;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00128"></a><span class="lineno"> 128</span>&#160;}</div>
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