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<div class="title">factorial_large_number.c File Reference</div> </div>
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<p>Compute factorial of arbitrarily large numbers by storing individual digits in a byte.
<a href="#details">More...</a></p>
<div class="textblock"><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;</code><br />
<code>#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;</code><br />
<code>#include &lt;time.h&gt;</code><br />
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Include dependency graph for factorial_large_number.c:</div>
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<tr class="memitem:"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">struct &#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html">_large_num</a></td></tr>
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Typedefs</h2></td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">typedef struct <a class="el" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html">_large_num</a>&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d">large_num</a></td></tr>
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Functions</h2></td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ad8101f58545bd891ae8b6e11caadd7eb"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top"><a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d">large_num</a> *&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ad8101f58545bd891ae8b6e11caadd7eb">new_number</a> (void)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:ab5c854e0df76165c31899e69eceeeaae"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab5c854e0df76165c31899e69eceeeaae">delete_number</a> (<a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d">large_num</a> *num)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:af2869d36c22a2b8f93d3166a84e124b3"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#af2869d36c22a2b8f93d3166a84e124b3">add_digit</a> (<a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d">large_num</a> *num, unsigned int value)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:ad398ddbd594ca69a5e6dfc894925341e"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">void&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ad398ddbd594ca69a5e6dfc894925341e">multiply</a> (<a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d">large_num</a> *num, unsigned long n)</td></tr>
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<tr class="memitem:a0ddf1224851353fc92bfbff6f499fa97"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">int&#160;</td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#a0ddf1224851353fc92bfbff6f499fa97">main</a> (int argc, char *argv[])</td></tr>
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<a name="details" id="details"></a><h2 class="groupheader">Detailed Description</h2>
<div class="textblock"><p>Compute factorial of arbitrarily large numbers by storing individual digits in a byte. </p>
<dl class="section author"><dt>Author</dt><dd><a href="https://github.com/kvedala">Krishna Vedala</a> </dd></dl>
</div><h2 class="groupheader">Typedef Documentation</h2>
<a id="ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d">&#9670;&nbsp;</a></span>large_num</h2>
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<td class="memname">typedef struct <a class="el" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html">_large_num</a> <a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d">large_num</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>dynamically large number </p>
</div>
</div>
<h2 class="groupheader">Function Documentation</h2>
<a id="af2869d36c22a2b8f93d3166a84e124b3"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#af2869d36c22a2b8f93d3166a84e124b3">&#9670;&nbsp;</a></span>add_digit()</h2>
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<td class="memname">void add_digit </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d">large_num</a> *&#160;</td>
<td class="paramname"><em>num</em>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">unsigned int&#160;</td>
<td class="paramname"><em>value</em>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>)</td>
<td></td><td></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>add a digit to the large number </p><dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in,out]</td><td class="paramname">num</td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">value</td><td>value of the digit to insert </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><a name="l00049"></a><span class="lineno"> 49</span>&#160;{</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00050"></a><span class="lineno"> 50</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (value &gt; 9)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00051"></a><span class="lineno"> 51</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00052"></a><span class="lineno"> 52</span>&#160; fprintf(stderr, <span class="stringliteral">&quot;digit &gt; 9!!\n&quot;</span>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00053"></a><span class="lineno"> 53</span>&#160; <a class="code" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab5c854e0df76165c31899e69eceeeaae">delete_number</a>(num);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00054"></a><span class="lineno"> 54</span>&#160; exit(EXIT_FAILURE);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00055"></a><span class="lineno"> 55</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00056"></a><span class="lineno"> 56</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00057"></a><span class="lineno"> 57</span>&#160; num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#a3fd11c0b413bbabfb8737d4ae73e5aa0">num_digits</a>++;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00058"></a><span class="lineno"> 58</span>&#160; num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#afaf353a072cf050ac86ac6e39868bcc9">digits</a> = (<span class="keywordtype">char</span> *)realloc(num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#afaf353a072cf050ac86ac6e39868bcc9">digits</a>, num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#a3fd11c0b413bbabfb8737d4ae73e5aa0">num_digits</a> * <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(<span class="keywordtype">char</span>));</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00059"></a><span class="lineno"> 59</span>&#160; num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#afaf353a072cf050ac86ac6e39868bcc9">digits</a>[num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#a3fd11c0b413bbabfb8737d4ae73e5aa0">num_digits</a> - 1] = value;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00060"></a><span class="lineno"> 60</span>&#160;}</div>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ab5c854e0df76165c31899e69eceeeaae">&#9670;&nbsp;</a></span>delete_number()</h2>
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<td class="memname">void delete_number </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d">large_num</a> *&#160;</td>
<td class="paramname"><em>num</em></td><td>)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>delete all memory allocated for large number </p><dl class="params"><dt>Parameters</dt><dd>
<table class="params">
<tr><td class="paramdir">[in]</td><td class="paramname">num</td><td>pointer to large_num to delete </td></tr>
</table>
</dd>
</dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><a name="l00038"></a><span class="lineno"> 38</span>&#160;{</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00039"></a><span class="lineno"> 39</span>&#160; free(num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#afaf353a072cf050ac86ac6e39868bcc9">digits</a>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00040"></a><span class="lineno"> 40</span>&#160; free(num);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00041"></a><span class="lineno"> 41</span>&#160;}</div>
</div><!-- fragment -->
</div>
</div>
<a id="a0ddf1224851353fc92bfbff6f499fa97"></a>
<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#a0ddf1224851353fc92bfbff6f499fa97">&#9670;&nbsp;</a></span>main()</h2>
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<td class="memname">int main </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype">int&#160;</td>
<td class="paramname"><em>argc</em>, </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="paramkey"></td>
<td></td>
<td class="paramtype">char *&#160;</td>
<td class="paramname"><em>argv</em>[]&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>)</td>
<td></td><td></td>
</tr>
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</div><div class="memdoc">
<p>main function </p>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><a name="l00095"></a><span class="lineno"> 95</span>&#160;{</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00096"></a><span class="lineno"> 96</span>&#160; <span class="keywordtype">int</span> number, i;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00097"></a><span class="lineno"> 97</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00098"></a><span class="lineno"> 98</span>&#160; <span class="comment">// Asks for the number/position of term in Fibonnacci sequence</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00099"></a><span class="lineno"> 99</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (argc == 2)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00100"></a><span class="lineno"> 100</span>&#160; number = atoi(argv[1]);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00101"></a><span class="lineno"> 101</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">else</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00102"></a><span class="lineno"> 102</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00103"></a><span class="lineno"> 103</span>&#160; printf(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;Enter the value of n(n starts from 0 ): &quot;</span>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00104"></a><span class="lineno"> 104</span>&#160; scanf(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;%d&quot;</span>, &amp;number);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00105"></a><span class="lineno"> 105</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00106"></a><span class="lineno"> 106</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00107"></a><span class="lineno"> 107</span>&#160; <a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html">large_num</a> *result = <a class="code" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ad8101f58545bd891ae8b6e11caadd7eb">new_number</a>();</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00108"></a><span class="lineno"> 108</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00109"></a><span class="lineno"> 109</span>&#160; clock_t start_time = clock();</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00110"></a><span class="lineno"> 110</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (i = 2; i &lt;= number; i++) <span class="comment">/* Multiply every number from 2 thru N */</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00111"></a><span class="lineno"> 111</span>&#160; <a class="code" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ad398ddbd594ca69a5e6dfc894925341e">multiply</a>(result, i);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00112"></a><span class="lineno"> 112</span>&#160; <span class="keywordtype">double</span> time_taken = (clock() - start_time) * (<span class="keywordtype">double</span>)1e3 / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00113"></a><span class="lineno"> 113</span>&#160; <span class="comment">// time_taken = (clock() - start_time) / (double) CLOCKS_PER_SEC;</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00114"></a><span class="lineno"> 114</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00115"></a><span class="lineno"> 115</span>&#160; printf(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;%d! = &quot;</span>, number);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00116"></a><span class="lineno"> 116</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (i = result-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#a3fd11c0b413bbabfb8737d4ae73e5aa0">num_digits</a>; i &gt; 0; i--)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00117"></a><span class="lineno"> 117</span>&#160; putchar(result-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#afaf353a072cf050ac86ac6e39868bcc9">digits</a>[i - 1] + <span class="charliteral">&#39;0&#39;</span>);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00118"></a><span class="lineno"> 118</span>&#160; printf(<span class="stringliteral">&quot;\nTime taken: %.4g ms\n&quot;</span>, time_taken);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00119"></a><span class="lineno"> 119</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00120"></a><span class="lineno"> 120</span>&#160; <a class="code" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab5c854e0df76165c31899e69eceeeaae">delete_number</a>(result);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00121"></a><span class="lineno"> 121</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">return</span> 0;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00122"></a><span class="lineno"> 122</span>&#160;}</div>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ad398ddbd594ca69a5e6dfc894925341e">&#9670;&nbsp;</a></span>multiply()</h2>
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<td class="memname">void multiply </td>
<td>(</td>
<td class="paramtype"><a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d">large_num</a> *&#160;</td>
<td class="paramname"><em>num</em>, </td>
</tr>
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<td class="paramtype">unsigned long&#160;</td>
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<p>multiply large number with another integer and store the result in the same large number </p>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><a name="l00067"></a><span class="lineno"> 67</span>&#160;{</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00068"></a><span class="lineno"> 68</span>&#160; <span class="keywordtype">int</span> i;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00069"></a><span class="lineno"> 69</span>&#160; <span class="keywordtype">unsigned</span> <span class="keywordtype">long</span> carry = 0, temp;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00070"></a><span class="lineno"> 70</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">for</span> (i = 0; i &lt; num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#a3fd11c0b413bbabfb8737d4ae73e5aa0">num_digits</a>; i++)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00071"></a><span class="lineno"> 71</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00072"></a><span class="lineno"> 72</span>&#160; temp = num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#afaf353a072cf050ac86ac6e39868bcc9">digits</a>[i] * n;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00073"></a><span class="lineno"> 73</span>&#160; temp += carry;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00074"></a><span class="lineno"> 74</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">if</span> (temp &lt; 10)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00075"></a><span class="lineno"> 75</span>&#160; carry = 0;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00076"></a><span class="lineno"> 76</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">else</span></div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00077"></a><span class="lineno"> 77</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00078"></a><span class="lineno"> 78</span>&#160; carry = temp / 10;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00079"></a><span class="lineno"> 79</span>&#160; temp = temp % 10;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00080"></a><span class="lineno"> 80</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00081"></a><span class="lineno"> 81</span>&#160; num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#afaf353a072cf050ac86ac6e39868bcc9">digits</a>[i] = temp;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00082"></a><span class="lineno"> 82</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00083"></a><span class="lineno"> 83</span>&#160; </div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00084"></a><span class="lineno"> 84</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">while</span> (carry != 0)</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00085"></a><span class="lineno"> 85</span>&#160; {</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00086"></a><span class="lineno"> 86</span>&#160; <a class="code" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#af2869d36c22a2b8f93d3166a84e124b3">add_digit</a>(num, carry % 10);</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00087"></a><span class="lineno"> 87</span>&#160; carry /= 10;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00088"></a><span class="lineno"> 88</span>&#160; }</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00089"></a><span class="lineno"> 89</span>&#160;}</div>
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<h2 class="memtitle"><span class="permalink"><a href="#ad8101f58545bd891ae8b6e11caadd7eb">&#9670;&nbsp;</a></span>new_number()</h2>
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<td class="memname"><a class="el" href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab54882961780c41a4929a6d390f6522d">large_num</a>* new_number </td>
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<p>create a new large number </p><dl class="section return"><dt>Returns</dt><dd>pointer to a large number </dd></dl>
<div class="fragment"><div class="line"><a name="l00025"></a><span class="lineno"> 25</span>&#160;{</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00026"></a><span class="lineno"> 26</span>&#160; <a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html">large_num</a> *new_num = (<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html">large_num</a> *)malloc(<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html">large_num</a>));</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00027"></a><span class="lineno"> 27</span>&#160; new_num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#a3fd11c0b413bbabfb8737d4ae73e5aa0">num_digits</a> = 1;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00028"></a><span class="lineno"> 28</span>&#160; new_num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#afaf353a072cf050ac86ac6e39868bcc9">digits</a> = (<span class="keywordtype">char</span> *)malloc(1 * <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(<span class="keywordtype">char</span>));</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00029"></a><span class="lineno"> 29</span>&#160; new_num-&gt;<a class="code" href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#afaf353a072cf050ac86ac6e39868bcc9">digits</a>[0] = 1;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00030"></a><span class="lineno"> 30</span>&#160; <span class="keywordflow">return</span> new_num;</div>
<div class="line"><a name="l00031"></a><span class="lineno"> 31</span>&#160;}</div>
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<div class="ttc" id="astruct__large__num_html"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html">_large_num</a></div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> factorial_large_number.c:15</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="astruct__large__num_html_a3fd11c0b413bbabfb8737d4ae73e5aa0"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#a3fd11c0b413bbabfb8737d4ae73e5aa0">_large_num::num_digits</a></div><div class="ttdeci">unsigned int num_digits</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> factorial_large_number.c:17</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="afactorial__large__number_8c_html_ad8101f58545bd891ae8b6e11caadd7eb"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ad8101f58545bd891ae8b6e11caadd7eb">new_number</a></div><div class="ttdeci">large_num * new_number(void)</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> factorial_large_number.c:24</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="afactorial__large__number_8c_html_ad398ddbd594ca69a5e6dfc894925341e"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ad398ddbd594ca69a5e6dfc894925341e">multiply</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void multiply(large_num *num, unsigned long n)</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> factorial_large_number.c:66</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="afactorial__large__number_8c_html_ab5c854e0df76165c31899e69eceeeaae"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#ab5c854e0df76165c31899e69eceeeaae">delete_number</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void delete_number(large_num *num)</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> factorial_large_number.c:37</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="astruct__large__num_html_afaf353a072cf050ac86ac6e39868bcc9"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d3/d5a/struct__large__num.html#afaf353a072cf050ac86ac6e39868bcc9">_large_num::digits</a></div><div class="ttdeci">char * digits</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> factorial_large_number.c:16</div></div>
<div class="ttc" id="afactorial__large__number_8c_html_af2869d36c22a2b8f93d3166a84e124b3"><div class="ttname"><a href="../../d6/d3d/factorial__large__number_8c.html#af2869d36c22a2b8f93d3166a84e124b3">add_digit</a></div><div class="ttdeci">void add_digit(large_num *num, unsigned int value)</div><div class="ttdef"><b>Definition:</b> factorial_large_number.c:48</div></div>
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